Sisitemu yo kugenzura ingufu ebyiri (ATS)

Ibisobanuro by'igicuruzwa

Ubwa mbere, imikorere ya ATS
ATS izwi kandi nka ATSE, izina ryuzuye ry’igihugu ry’Abashinwa rikoreshwa mu gukwirakwiza amashanyarazi mu buryo bwikora, rizwi cyane nka dual power automatic switch. Ihame ry’igihugu ry’ibicuruzwa bya ATS risobanurwa nk’igikoresho kimwe (cyangwa byinshi) gihindura amashanyarazi n’ibindi bikoresho by’amashanyarazi bikenewe, bikoreshwa mu kumenya uruziga rw’amashanyarazi, no guhindura mu buryo bwikora urusobe rw’amashanyarazi rumwe cyangwa menshi kuva ku ruziga rumwe rujya ku rundi rusobe rw’amashanyarazi. ATS ihita yitiranywa na UPS na EPS mu izina. EPS ni izina ry’Igishinwa ry’igikoresho cy’amashanyarazi gitunguranye. Izina ATS ry’Igishinwa rikoreshwa mu gukwirakwiza amashanyarazi mu buryo bwikora. ATS ikwiriye gutanga amashanyarazi abiri y’imizigo ikomeye nko kuzimya inkongi mu bwubatsi, EPS ikwiriye EPS gukemura ibikoresho by’ibanze by’amashanyarazi nk’amatara y’impanuka, amatara y’impanuka, ibikoresho byo kuzimya inkongi nk’intego nyamukuru, gutanga sisitemu y’amashanyarazi y’impanuka ifite umurongo wigenga wujuje amategeko agenga inkongi. UPS ikoreshwa cyane cyane mu gutanga amashanyarazi ku bikoresho by’inganda z’ikoranabuhanga, itanga amashanyarazi meza kandi adasibangana. Uburyo bwo gutanga amashanyarazi bwa moteri ya mazutu bukwiriye gukoreshwa na ATS, EPS na UPS ahantu hakenera ingufu z'igihe kirekire. Ingufu ebyiri, ni itsinda ry'igenzura rya switch na logique muri rimwe, ridafite igenzura ryinyongera, rikora switch ya mechatronic yikora, hamwe no kumenya voltage, kumenya frequency, itumanaho, amashanyarazi, interlock ya mechanical n'indi mirimo, rishobora kugera ku igenzura ryikora, amashanyarazi ari kure, rikorwa n'igenzura ryihutirwa. Igikorwa gikorwa n'ikibaho gikoreshwa na logique kugira ngo gicunge imikorere ya moteri na transmission hamwe n'amabwiriza atandukanye ya logique kugira ngo hagerwe ku kubika ingufu z'impeshyi zitwarwa na moteri, kurekura uburyo bwo kwihutisha ako kanya, bihuzwe vuba na circuit icika cyangwa ihindura circuit, binyuze mu buryo bugaragara kugira ngo hagerwe ku kwitandukanya mu mutekano, binongera cyane imikorere y'amashanyarazi na logique. Iyi switch ikwiriye guhindura amashanyarazi mu buryo bwikora n'itangazo ry'amashanyarazi rihoraho rya sisitemu y'amashanyarazi cyangwa guhindura amashanyarazi mu buryo bwikora no kwitandukanya mu mutekano w'ibikoresho bibiri. Iyi switch yo kohereza ikoreshwa cyane cyane kuri AC 50Hz, voltage ifite ingano ya 440V, voltage ifite ingano ya DC 220V, amashanyarazi afite ingano ya 16 kugeza kuri 4000A cyangwa umuyoboro wa moteri muri sisitemu imwe y’ibanze cyangwa ihuza amashanyarazi hamwe no guhinduranya imizigo y’amashanyarazi n’ibikoresho bya generator. Muri icyo gihe, ishobora gukoreshwa mu gutandukanya imiyoboro n’imirongo bidakunze guhuza no gutandukanya. Ibicuruzwa bikoreshwa cyane mu nkongi z’umuriro, mu bitaro, mu mabanki, mu nyubako ndende n’ahandi hantu hakomeye hatanga amashanyarazi ntibyemerera gutanga amashanyarazi, sisitemu yo gukwirakwiza na sisitemu yo kwikora. Guhinduranya byikora byubahiriza GB14048.3-2008 “Ibikoresho byo guhinduranya bifite amashanyarazi make n’ibigenzura Igice cya 3: Guhinduranya, ibikoresho bitandukanya, gutandukanya gutandukanya na fuse ibikoresho by’amashanyarazi bihuza”, GB/T14048.11-2008 “Ibikoresho byo guhinduranya bifite amashanyarazi make n’ibigenzura Igice cya 6: Ibikoresho by’amashanyarazi bifite imikorere myinshi/guhinduranya byikora”.

Icya kabiri, imikorere y'ingenzi
(1) Gukora buri gihe hamwe n'umutwaro
(2) Gutahura ikibazo cy'amashanyarazi
(3) Tangiza amashanyarazi ahoraho
(4) Guhindura imizigo
(5) Kumva ko umuriro usanzwe usubijwe mu buryo busanzwe
(6) Gusubiza umuriro ku gikoresho gisanzwe cy'amashanyarazi

Icya gatatu, uburyo bwo guhindura ibintu hakoreshejwe ikoranabuhanga ryikora ku ngufu ebyiri (dual power automatic transformation system)
(1) Gukoresha uburyo bwo guhuza ibintu mu buryo bw'umurongo umwe, uburyo bwo guhuza ibintu, kubika ingufu za moteri nto n'ikoranabuhanga ryo kugenzura ibintu mu buryo bw'ikoranabuhanga, muri rusange nta mfuruka ihari (nta gipfundikizo cy'umugozi);
(2) Gukoresha ikoranabuhanga ryizewe ryo guhuza ibyuma n'amashanyarazi;
(3) Koresha ikoranabuhanga ryo kugabanya uburebure bw'isi;
(4) Ifite ikimenyetso cyerekana aho ihagarara, imikorere y'ingufuri, itandukaniro ryizewe hagati y'imbaraga n'umutwaro, ubwizerwe bwinshi, igihe cyo kuyikoresha kirenga inshuro 8000;
(5) igishushanyo mbonera cy’amashanyarazi, guhindura switch neza, guhuza neza na electromagnetic, ubushobozi bukomeye bwo kurwanya ingaruka, nta mvururu ziturutse hanze, gahunda yo kwihutisha ikoranabuhanga;
(6) Ubwoko bwikora ntibukenera ibice byo hanze by’ubugenzuzi, imiterere myiza, ingano nto, uburemere bworoheje n’ikibaho cy’ubugenzuzi, gifite uburyo butandukanye bwo gucunga moteri ishyizwe mu buryo butaziguye, imikorere y’agasanduku k’amakuru kugira ngo hizerwe aho gaherereye. Moteri ni moteri ifite ubushyuhe bwinshi ifite ubwikorezi bw’amazi ifite ibikoresho by’umutekano, igwa iyo ubushyuhe burenze 110 ° C n’ikirere cyarenze urugero. Iyo ikibazo kibuze, gihita gitangira gukora, kandi ibikoresho byo kugabanya bishobora gusubira inyuma bikoresha ibikoresho bigororotse.